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Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
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Smoking during pregnancy and intention to quit: a profile of methadone-maintained women

N A Haug1, M L Stitzer, D S Svikis

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. nahuang@itsa.ucsf.edu

Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
|November 6, 2001
PubMed

The present study characterized cigarette smoking patterns (self-report, carbon monoxide, and cotinine), health-risk perceptions, attitudes, and quitting intentions among pregnant methadone-maintained women (n = 50) enrolled in comprehensive perinatal drug treatment. At baseline, women expressed only moderate motivation and self-efficacy for smoking cessation, and 60% were in the precontemplation stage of change for quitting. Follow-up assessment during pregnancy (n = 40) showed no change in self-reported cigarettes per day or cotinine values. Despite recognition of the personal and fetal health risks of smoking and high social support for quitting, none of the women stopped smoking and few demonstrated reduction. Compared to other pregnant smokers, this sample is characterized by many of the factors associated with difficulty in quitting. Innovative harm-reduction strategies and nicotine replacement medications deserve scientific attention in this high-risk group of tenacious smokers.

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