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Circulating nucleic acids in plasma or serum.

P Anker1, J Lyautey, C Lederrey

  • 1Plant Biochemistry and Physiology, University of Geneva, Pavillon des Isotopes, 20 bvd. d'Yvoy, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland. Philippe.Anker@bota.unige.ch

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|November 6, 2001
PubMed
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Circulating nucleic acids in plasma, including DNA and mRNA, are elevated in cancer patients. These molecules carry tumor-specific characteristics, suggesting potential for noninvasive cancer diagnostics.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Nucleic acids (DNA and mRNA) are present in human plasma/serum.
  • Elevated DNA concentrations in cancer patients' plasma share characteristics with tumor DNA.
  • Circulating tumor-related mRNA has also been detected in plasma/serum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and characteristics of circulating nucleic acids in cancer.
  • To explore the potential diagnostic and prognostic value of circulating nucleic acids.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of nucleic acids in plasma/serum from cancer patients.
  • Characterization of nucleic acid properties, including strand stability and genetic alterations.
  • Detection of specific gene mutations, microsatellite alterations, Ig rearrangements, and gene hypermethylation.

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Main Results:

  • Higher concentrations of plasma DNA were observed in cancer patients.
  • Plasma DNA exhibited characteristics similar to tumor cell DNA.
  • Specific oncogenic/tumor-suppressor gene mutations, microsatellite alterations, Ig rearrangements, and hypermethylation were detected in circulating DNA.
  • Tumor-related mRNA was identified in circulation.

Conclusions:

  • Circulating nucleic acids in plasma show promise for cancer research.
  • These findings open avenues for developing noninvasive diagnostic, prognostic, and follow-up tests for various cancers.