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Obesity may impair lactogenesis II
K M Rasmussen1, J A Hilson, C L Kjolhede
1Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. kmr5@cornell.edu
The Journal of Nutrition
|November 6, 2001
Summary
Maternal obesity, indicated by high body mass index (BMI), is linked to delayed lactogenesis, impacting successful breastfeeding initiation and duration. This finding is consistent across animal models and human studies.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive biology
- Human lactation
- Maternal health
Background:
- Excess body fatness is suspected to impair lactogenesis in various species.
- Studies in dairy cows and rats show a link between obesity and lactation failure.
- Previous research indicates a negative association between pre-conception body mass index (BMI) and lactation duration in humans.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between pre-pregnant BMI and successful breastfeeding initiation.
- To determine if high pre-pregnant BMI specifically affects the onset of lactogenesis II.
- To explore potential mediating factors, such as parity and breastfeeding behavior, in this association.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from livestock, experimental animal models, and diverse human populations.
- Examination of the relationship between pre-pregnant BMI and breastfeeding outcomes in women.
- Statistical analysis to assess the role of parity and breastfeeding behavior as mediators.
Main Results:
- High pre-pregnant BMI was associated with failure to initiate breastfeeding successfully.
- High pre-pregnant BMI was specifically linked to a later onset of lactogenesis II.
- This association was mediated by parity, but not by breastfeeding behavior or psychosocial factors.
Conclusions:
- Maternal obesity in the perinatal period is a significant cause of delayed lactogenesis.
- High pre-pregnant BMI negatively impacts the initiation and timing of milk production.
- Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for supporting breastfeeding mothers.