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Related Experiment Videos

Transitions on and off AFDC: implications for parenting and children's cognitive development.

J R Smith1, J Brooks-Gunn, D Kohen

  • 1Graduate School of Social Services, Fordham University, New York, NY 10023, USA. jsmith@fordham.edu

Child Development
|November 9, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Welfare receipt by mothers negatively impacts parenting and child development. Leaving welfare without escaping poverty can lead to authoritarian parenting, affecting children

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Area of Science:

  • Child Development
  • Public Health Policy
  • Socioeconomic Studies

Background:

  • Welfare reform aims to reduce public assistance dependency, particularly among mothers and children.
  • Understanding the long-term effects of welfare receipt on family well-being is crucial for policy development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between mothers' welfare receipt patterns and child outcomes.
  • To investigate the relationship between welfare receipt, maternal emotional distress, parenting, and child cognitive development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Infant Health and Development Program, an eight-site randomized clinical trial (N = 833).
  • Analyzed mothers' welfare receipt over 3 years post-childbirth.
  • Assessed maternal emotional distress (General Health Questionnaire), learning environment (HOME), parenting behavior, and child cognitive scores (Stanford-Binet).

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Main Results:

  • Significant negative associations were found between welfare receipt and parenting behavior and child outcomes at age 3.
  • Outcomes differed based on the timing of welfare receipt and post-welfare poverty status.
  • Mothers leaving welfare but remaining in poverty exhibited more authoritarian parenting.

Conclusions:

  • Welfare receipt is linked to poorer parenting and child development outcomes.
  • Poverty status after leaving welfare is a critical factor influencing parenting styles.
  • Findings have implications for designing effective support services for low-income families.