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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Nervous Tissue01:28

Disorders of the Nervous Tissue

Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
Homeostatic Imbalances:
Alzheimer's disease manifests as a gradual decline in memory and cognitive abilities, attributed to the buildup of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
Parkinson's disease arises from the...
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or playing an...
Dementia01:30

Dementia

Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual.
Intellectual Disability01:29

Intellectual Disability

Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
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Dementia l: Introduction01:22

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Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

11: disorders of memory and intellect.

J D Watson1

  • 1Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW. jwatson@mail.usyd.edu.au

The Medical Journal of Australia
|November 10, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Diagnosing dementia involves assessing memory and intellect, differentiating it from delirium and depression. Early identification of reversible causes and conditions like Alzheimer's disease offers hope and treatment options.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Geriatrics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • The clinical evaluation of cognitive impairment focuses on diagnosing dementia, identifying affected brain regions, determining the cause, and establishing prognosis.
  • Dementia diagnosis typically requires deficits in memory and at least one other cognitive domain.

Observation:

  • Delirium and depression are critical differential diagnoses in patients presenting with suspected cognitive decline.
  • Initial investigations for dementia patients should include a thorough history, examination, and tests to rule out reversible causes.

Findings:

  • Alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent cause of dementia, often characterized by prominent short-term memory loss.
  • Other significant causes include cerebrovascular disease, Lewy body disease, and Pick's disease.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

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06:58

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

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Implications:

  • Treatment for Alzheimer's disease with cholinesterase inhibitors shows some success.
  • Aggressive management of risk factors in vascular dementia can potentially slow disease progression.
  • Understanding the cause and prognosis of dementia is crucial for patient care and management.