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Factors that determine false recall: a multiple regression analysis.

H L Roediger1, J M Watson, K B McDermott

  • 1Department of Psychology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA. roediger@artsci.wustl.edu

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|November 10, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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False memory in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm is influenced by word associations and list recall difficulty. Understanding these factors helps explain memory illusions and guides theories of false recall.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience of Memory

Background:

  • The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm is a widely used experimental method to study false memory.
  • Understanding the factors that contribute to false recall in the DRM paradigm is crucial for developing comprehensive memory theories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the key predictors of false recall within the DRM paradigm.
  • To quantify the influence of various factors on the occurrence of memory illusions.

Main Methods:

  • Developed 55 DRM lists with varying false recall rates.
  • Employed simultaneous multiple regression analysis to assess seven potential contributing factors.
  • Examined the relationship between associative connections, list recallability, and false recall rates.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Two primary factors significantly predicted false recall: associative connections to the critical item (r = +.73) and list recallability (r = -.43).
  • These predictors accounted for approximately 68% of the variance in false recall, and 84% of the explainable variance.
  • The findings highlight the significant role of semantic activation and monitoring processes in false memory formation.

Conclusions:

  • False recall in the DRM paradigm is determined by a combination of associative strength and list characteristics.
  • The results provide strong constraints for theories of false memory, supporting models that integrate semantic processing and strategic control.
  • This research offers a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying memory illusions.