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Leafy gall formation by Rhodococcus fascians.

K Goethals1, D Vereecke, M Jaziri

  • 1Vakgroep Moleculaire Genetica & Departement of Plantengenetica, Vlaams Interuniversitair Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Universiteit Gent, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium. kogoe@gengenp.rug.ac.be

Annual Review of Phytopathology
|November 10, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Rhodococcus fascians causes leafy galls by manipulating plant growth. This bacterium uses unique signals, distinct from cytokinins, to promote cell division and form galls, creating a specialized habitat.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Rhodococcus fascians is a plant pathogen that induces leafy gall formation.
  • It can exist as an epiphyte or endophyte on host plants.
  • The bacterium's signals trigger de novo cell division and shoot meristem formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms by which Rhodococcus fascians induces leafy galls.
  • To understand the nature of bacterial signals and their effects on plant tissues.
  • To explore the genetic basis and regulatory network controlling gall development.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of bacterial signaling molecules and their effects on plant cell division.
  • Investigation of cytokinin biosynthesis pathways and their involvement in gall formation.

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  • Characterization of genes located on the linear plasmid responsible for leafy gall development.
  • Study of the regulatory network integrating autoregulatory compounds and environmental signals.

    • Main Results:

    • R. fascians signals induce distinct activities beyond simple cytokinin effects, suggesting modified derivatives.
    • Genes essential for leafy gall formation are located on a linear plasmid.
    • A complex regulatory network controls gene expression, influenced by internal and external signals.
    • Leafy galls represent metabolically distinct niches favoring R. fascians populations.

    Conclusions:

    • Rhodococcus fascians employs unique signaling molecules, potentially modified cytokinin derivatives, to manipulate plant development.
    • The linear plasmid harbors key genes for gall formation, regulated by a sophisticated network.
    • Metabolic habitat modification within leafy galls provides a selective advantage for the bacteria, a phenomenon potentially applicable to other gall-inducing bacteria.