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Development of Obliterative Bronchiolitis in a Murine Model of Orthotopic Lung Transplantation
10:01

Development of Obliterative Bronchiolitis in a Murine Model of Orthotopic Lung Transplantation

Published on: July 10, 2012

The epidemiology of parainfluenza virus infection in lung transplant recipients

R A Vilchez1, K McCurry, J Dauber

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, and Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|November 10, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) infections are common in lung transplant recipients, often presenting with respiratory symptoms. A significant portion of these patients experienced acute allograft rejection and bronchiolitis obliterans.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Transplantation Immunology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) causes seasonal respiratory infections.
  • The clinical impact of HPIV in lung transplant recipients remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical presentation and outcomes of HPIV infections in lung transplant recipients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of HPIV infections at a single center from 1990-2000.
  • Analysis of patient demographics, clinical symptoms, HPIV serotypes, and post-infection complications.

Main Results:

  • HPIV infection was identified in 24 (75%) of 32 cases reviewed, occurring a median of 2.1 years post-transplant.
  • Common symptoms included cough and shortness of breath; 21% experienced respiratory failure.
  • HPIV-3 was the most prevalent serotype (63%).
  • 82% of patients with biopsies showed acute allograft rejection, and 32% developed bronchiolitis obliterans.

Conclusions:

  • HPIV infection poses a significant risk for lung transplant recipients.
  • HPIV infection is associated with a high incidence of acute allograft rejection and bronchiolitis obliterans in this population.

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