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Management of facial hyperpigmentation
A Pérez-Bernal1, M A Muñoz-Pérez, F Camacho
1Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Virgen Macarena Hospital, Seville, Spain.
American Journal of Clinical Dermatology
|November 13, 2001
Summary
Facial and neck pigmentations, like melasma, are common cosmetic concerns. Treatments include topical agents and chemical peels, but laser therapies show limited success, necessitating further research.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Cosmetic Science
Background:
- Facial and neck pigmentations are common cosmetic concerns, particularly in middle-aged women.
- These conditions result from endogenous (hormonal) and exogenous factors (cosmetics, sun exposure).
- Melasma is the most frequent cause, but other forms exist, posing treatment challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current understanding and treatment options for facial and neck pigmentations.
- To highlight the efficacy and limitations of various therapeutic approaches.
Main Methods:
- Review of established and emerging treatments for facial hyperpigmentation.
- Analysis of topical agents, chemical peels, and laser therapies.
- Discussion of preventative measures like sun avoidance and sunscreen use.
Main Results:
- Topical hydroquinone, azelaic acid, and tretinoin are established treatments for melasma and hyperpigmentation.
- Chemical peels using agents like trichloroacetic acid and salicylic acid show good results.
- Laser therapies have yielded unsatisfactory outcomes, often causing hyperpigmentation and recurrence.
Conclusions:
- Treatment for facial pigmentations remains challenging.
- Sun protection and topical agents are crucial.
- Further research into novel laser approaches is needed for effective facial hyperpigmentation treatment.