Body dysmorphic disorder. A guide for dermatologists and cosmetic surgeons

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Psychiatry
• Cosmetic Surgery

Background:

• Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a prevalent psychiatric condition characterized by obsessive preoccupation with perceived flaws in appearance.
• Patients with BDD frequently seek consultations with dermatologists and cosmetic surgeons, often presenting with concerns about skin, hair, or nose appearance.
• Common behaviors associated with BDD include compulsive skin picking, excessive mirror checking, and camouflage techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the significance of BDD in dermatologic and cosmetic surgery practices.
• To emphasize the importance of accurate diagnosis and appropriate referral for BDD patients.
• To discuss current understanding and treatment recommendations for BDD in these clinical settings.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) and its presentation in dermatologic and cosmetic surgery settings.
• Analysis of common patient behaviors and the effectiveness of various treatment modalities.
• Synthesis of recommendations for screening, diagnosis, and management of BDD by non-psychiatric specialists.

Main Results:

• Dermatologists are frequently consulted by patients with BDD, making them key figures in early identification.
• Cosmetic procedures are generally ineffective and may exacerbate BDD symptoms.
• Psychoeducation, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and pharmacotherapy (especially serotonin reuptake inhibitors) show promise for BDD treatment.

Conclusions:

• Dermatologists and cosmetic surgeons should screen for BDD and refer patients for psychiatric evaluation and treatment.
• Prioritizing psychiatric interventions over cosmetic procedures is crucial for managing BDD.
• Further research is needed to refine treatment strategies for BDD, particularly within dermatologic and surgical contexts.