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Hepatitis B vaccination coverage among United States children

H Yusuf1, D Daniels, E E Mast

  • 1Health Services Research and Evaluation Branch, National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. hay0@cdc.gov

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|November 13, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) coverage in US children has increased significantly since 1991, but has not yet reached the 90% goal. Continued efforts are essential to protect children from this preventable infection.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Immunization Practices
  • Pediatric Medicine

Background:

  • In 1991, universal infant vaccination with three doses of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) by 18 months was recommended to eliminate transmission in the US.
  • Leading pediatric and family physician organizations endorsed similar vaccination schedules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess hepatitis B vaccination coverage among young children in the United States.
  • To evaluate progress towards national immunization goals.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the National Immunization Survey (NIS) conducted quarterly from 1994 onwards.
  • Analyzed vaccination status of US children aged 19 to 35 months.

Main Results:

  • In 1999, 88.1% of children aged 19-35 months had received at least three doses of HepB (HepB3).
  • HepB3 coverage showed a consistent increase since 1994, though the rate of increase slowed.
  • Coverage varied by race/ethnicity and state, with 26 states reaching at least 90% HepB3 coverage.

Conclusions:

  • Significant progress in HepB vaccination coverage has been made since 1991.
  • The 90% coverage target set by the Childhood Immunization Initiative has not yet been achieved.
  • Sustained efforts are necessary to ensure protection against hepatitis B infection in US children.
Abstract

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