Temporomandibular joint meniscectomy--effects on joint structure and masticatory function in macaca fascicularis

The postoperative effects of unilateral temporomandibular joint meniscectomy on joint structure and masticatory function were evaluated in four mature Macaca fascicularis and compared with one control. Mandibular movement during mastication was monitored objectively with an optoelectronic tracking system within four months and again within twelve months postmeniscectomy in each animal. Temporomandibular joint structure was documented radiographically and histologically. Results showed that degenerative joint disease was produced in the postsurgical joint, and that the morphological changes were location-dependent. Fibrous ankylosis was observed histologically in three animals. The contralateral joints were not affected morphologically, except for bony resorption of the articular eminence noted microscopically in one animal. Radiographically, however, the joint appeared normal. Variable alterations in masticatory patterns were observed following unilateral meniscectomy. While there appeared to be an association between temporomandibular joint structure and masticatory function, radiographic and microscopic observation of morphological alterations in the joint did not result in predictable functional limitations in chewing pattern.