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[Effectiveness of smoking cessation intervention in patients with cardiovascular disease]
S Morchón1, J A Blasco, A Rovira
1Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Ciutat Sanitaria i Universitaria de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Insights
A structured smoking cessation program helped cardiovascular patients achieve sustained abstinence. This study highlights the importance of specialized support for smokers with heart disease to prevent relapse and improve outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Addiction Medicine
Background:
- Smoking cessation significantly reduces coronary events in cardiac patients.
- High relapse rates (over 50%) occur within three months post-discharge for patients quitting after an acute event.
- Effective tobacco dishabituation programs are crucial for long-term smoking cessation in vulnerable populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the efficacy of a structured tobacco dishabituation program for patients diagnosed with cardiovascular disease.
- To compare smoking cessation rates in cardiovascular patients versus a general smoker population.
- To identify factors influencing relapse in smoking cessation programs.
Main Methods:
- A cohort study compared 348 cardiovascular patients with 1,107 non-cardiac smokers in a smoking cessation program (1993-1999).
- A twelve-month follow-up protocol included carbon monoxide monitoring to detect relapse.
- Abstinence rates were calculated, and the odds ratio for relapse at twelve months was estimated.
Main Results:
- Twelve-month continuous abstinence rates were 37.1% for cardiovascular patients and 39.6% for non-cardiac individuals.
- Smokers in the precontemplative stage (consonant smokers) exhibited higher relapse rates.
- An adjusted Odds Ratio of 1.36 indicated an increased risk of relapse for consonant smokers.
Conclusions:
- Intensive treatment and follow-up yield significant abstinence rates in cardiovascular patients who initially struggled to quit.
- Cardiovascular patients benefit from structured smoking cessation programs, even after hospital discharge or diagnosis.
- Integrating these patients into specialized smoking cessation units is recommended for improved outcomes.
Introduction And Objectives:
The incidence of coronary events descends in patients with cardiac disease who quit smoking. Only around 50% of the patients who quit smoking after an acute event remain abstinent three months after hospital discharge. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a tobacco dishabituation program in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Methods:
We studied a cohort of smokers who started a smoking cessation program between September 1993 and June 1999. We compared 348 patients with cardiovascular disease with 1.107 smokers without disease. A twelve-month protocolized follow-up was performed, measuring carbon monoxide for evaluating relapse on every control. We calculated the abstinence in each period and estimated the odds ratio for relapse at twelve months.
Results:
We observed a global continued abstinence at twelve months of 37.1% (129/348) in the patients with cardiovascular disease and of 39.6% (438/1.107) in the patients without disease. The consonant smokers (precontemplatives) showed a greater number of relapses, with an adjusted Odds ratio of 1.36.
Conclusions:
Exhaustive treatment and follow-up achieved a percentage of great abstinence in the cardiovascular patients of our study who were unable to quit smoking during hospitalisation or after diagnosis. We therefore suggest that these patients may benefit from inclusion in smoking cessation units.