Evaluation and application of liquid chromatographic columns coated with "intelligent" ligands. (III). Immobilized...

Immobilized enzyme columns have been developed for use as high-performance liquid chromatographic enzyme reactors. Enzyme reactors were prepared by immobilizing trypsin or cytochrome-c on phospholipid columns. Dynamic coating was employed to prepare the reactors by recycling a buffer solution containing trypsin or cytochrome-c through a phospholipid-coated column, on which the enzymes were immobilized by hydrophobic binding. The immobilized trypsin column displayed hydrolytic activity which catalyzed the hydrolysis of L-amino acid esters to amino acid. The immobilized cytochrome-c column exhibited oxidation activity which catalyzed N-demethylation of N,N-dimethylaniline, codeine, and dihydrocodeine in the presence of hydrogen peroxide as an oxygenating agent. The enzyme reaction proceeded rapidly in the column; both product and substrate could be separated and detected simultaneously. The immobilized enzyme columns could be readily regenerated using the original phospholipid column by repeating the dynamic coating. These immobilized enzyme columns could be utilized as enzyme reactors in the high-performance liquid chromatographic mode. Complete hydrolysis of amino acid ester was observed with the trypsin column. Demethylation of codeine and of dihydrocodeine were observed with the cytochrome-c column.