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Case report: Retinopathy after malaria prophylaxis with chloroquine
S Bertagnolio1, E Tacconelli, G Camilli
1Department of Infectious Diseases, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
|November 22, 2001
Summary
Chloroquine retinopathy (CR) risk is linked to cumulative dosage. This case highlights CR developing below the previously suggested 140g threshold, emphasizing ongoing screening for long-term malaria prophylaxis (LTMP).
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pharmacology
- Tropical Medicine
Background:
- Chloroquine retinopathy (CR) is a serious side effect of long-term malaria prophylaxis (LTMP).
- It can lead to irreversible visual impairment and blindness.
- Understanding dose-related risks is crucial for patient safety.
Observation:
- A case of CR is presented in a patient undergoing 8 years of LTMP.
- The cumulative chloroquine dose was 125g.
- This dose is below the previously identified 140g threshold for retinopathy risk.
Findings:
- The study suggests that CR may occur at cumulative doses lower than previously thought.
- A definitive threshold dose for chloroquine retinal toxicity has not been established.
- Individual susceptibility may play a role in developing CR.
Implications:
- Ongoing ophthalmological screening is essential for patients on LTMP, particularly as cumulative doses increase.
- Clinicians should be vigilant for early signs of CR, even below 140g.
- Further research is needed to establish precise dose-response relationships and identify at-risk individuals.