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Related Experiment Videos

Structure of Ca(2+)-loaded human grancalcin.

J Jia1, N Borregaard, K Lollike

  • 1Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council of Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H4P 2R2, Canada.

Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Biological Crystallography
|November 22, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Grancalcin, a cytosolic calcium-binding protein, shows minor structural changes upon Ca(2+) binding. Calcium is necessary but not sufficient for significant conformational changes in PEF proteins.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Structural Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Grancalcin is a cytosolic Ca(2+)-binding protein belonging to the PEF protein family, characterized by five EF-hand motifs.
  • The N-terminus of grancalcin contains a disordered segment, and its fifth EF-hand facilitates dimerization.
  • Previous studies determined the structure of full-length grancalcin but noted disorder in the N-terminal region.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structure of a truncated grancalcin lacking N-terminal residues.
  • To elucidate the conformational changes induced by Ca(2+) binding in grancalcin.
  • To test the hypothesis regarding calcium's role in PEF protein conformational changes.

Main Methods:

  • X-ray crystallography was used to determine the structure of truncated grancalcin.

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  • Structures were obtained in both the absence (apo form) and presence of Ca(2+).
  • Comparative analysis with homologous proteins like ALG-2 was performed.

    • Main Results:

    • The structure of truncated grancalcin was determined in apo and Ca(2+)-bound states.
    • In the Ca(2+)-bound form, ions were located in the EF1 and EF3 hands.
    • Ca(2+) binding induced only minor conformational changes, primarily in the EF1 loop.

    Conclusions:

    • Calcium binding to grancalcin results in minimal structural alterations.
    • This supports the idea that Ca(2+) is essential but insufficient for significant conformational changes in PEF proteins.
    • Differences in EF-hand orientation between grancalcin and ALG-2 may influence calcium-induced conformational changes.