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Related Experiment Video

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Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System

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Published on: May 24, 2017

Development of a push-pull ventilation system to control solder fume.

S I Watson¹, J R Cain, H Cowie

¹University of Aberdeen, Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Liberty Safe Work Research Centre, Foresterhill Road, AB25 2ZP, Aberdeen, UK.

The Annals of Occupational Hygiene

|November 24, 2001

Summary

A new push-pull ventilation system effectively controls solder fume in electronics manufacturing, significantly reducing worker exposure to rosin-based flux compared to traditional methods. This improved ventilation is crucial for preventing respiratory sensitization in soldering environments.

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Area of Science:

Occupational Health and Safety
Industrial Hygiene
Environmental Engineering

Background:

Hand soldering with rosin core solder wire is prevalent in electronics, producing aerosols linked to respiratory sensitization.
Current control methods like local exhaust hoods and low-volume high-velocity (LVHV) systems are often inadequate for solder fume.
A novel push-pull ventilation design was developed to address the limitations of existing solder fume control systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the capture efficiency of a new push-pull ventilation system for controlling solder fume.
To compare the effectiveness of the push-pull system against existing in-house ventilation in electronics factories.
To assess the impact of the ventilation systems on worker exposure to rosin-based solder flux fume.

Main Methods:

Laboratory tests using nitrous oxide tracer gas to determine capture efficiency (>90% with push airflow).
Field studies in five electronics factories comparing push-pull systems with existing ventilation.
Measurement of personal exposure levels to rosin-based solder flux fume (total resin acids).

Main Results:

The push-pull system demonstrated high capture efficiency in laboratory settings, particularly with active push airflow.
In factories, the push-pull system provided more consistent control of solder fume than in-house systems, especially during high-volume soldering.
Personal exposure levels were significantly reduced below the UK Maximum Exposure Limit (MEL) with the push-pull system, unlike existing methods.

Conclusions:

The push-pull ventilation system offers a more effective and consistent solution for controlling inhalation exposure to rosin-based solder flux fume.
Existing in-house ventilation systems in electronics factories were found to be relatively inefficient, particularly under higher soldering loads.
The findings suggest a need for improved ventilation strategies to protect workers from respiratory risks associated with soldering operations.