Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Altruism01:03

Altruism

29.8K
Altruistic behaviors are “unselfish” behaviors—those that help another individual at the expense of the individual carrying out the behavior. Despite the negative consequences for the altruistic animal, these behaviors are thought to have evolved for several reasons.
29.8K
Inclusive Fitness00:57

Inclusive Fitness

23.6K
Most altruistic behavior—in which one animal helps another at a cost to themselves—occurs between relatives. Scientists think these altruistic behaviors evolved because they increase the inclusive fitness of the animal providing help.
23.6K
Evolutionary Psychology01:20

Evolutionary Psychology

1.3K
Evolutionary psychology explores the origins of human behavior and mental processes by framing them within the context of natural selection, a theory famously propounded by Charles Darwin. This field asserts that many behaviors common across human societies — ranging from instinctive fear reactions to complex social interactions — arose as evolutionary adaptations. These adaptations enhanced the survival and reproductive success of our ancestors, thereby becoming embedded in the...
1.3K
Criticisms of the Evolutionary Perspective01:23

Criticisms of the Evolutionary Perspective

513
In a study where individuals posing as strangers offered compliments and proposed casual sex to students, the responses differed significantly based on gender. Not a single woman accepted the proposal, while 70% of the men agreed. This outcome provides a useful scenario to explore through the lens of evolutionary psychology and social learning theory, highlighting the diverse perspectives on human sexual behaviors.
Evolutionary psychology provides one explanation for these findings, suggesting...
513
Factors Influencing Attraction IV: Reciprocity01:28

Factors Influencing Attraction IV: Reciprocity

524
Reciprocity in attraction is fundamental to social and romantic relationships, shaping how individuals form and maintain connections. The psychological principle underlying this phenomenon is that people tend to like those who express liking toward them. Balance theory supports this tendency, suggesting that mutual attraction fosters psychological harmony, whereas one-sided affection leads to discomfort and cognitive dissonance.The Psychological Mechanisms Behind ReciprocityWhen individuals...
524
Microbial Interactions: Cooperation01:26

Microbial Interactions: Cooperation

59
Microbial cooperation involves beneficial interactions in which different species work together for individual or mutual advantage. These interactions can profoundly influence ecological dynamics and evolutionary processes, and they are essential to many pathogenic and symbiotic relationships.Nematode–Bacteria CooperationA striking example is the relationship between the Gram-negative bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila and the parasitic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae. Juvenile nematodes...
59

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cancer cells employ an evolutionarily conserved polyploidization program to resist therapy.

Seminars in cancer biology·2020
Same author

Fluxes of Atmospheric Greenhouse-Gases in Maryland (FLAGG-MD): Emissions of Carbon Dioxide in the Baltimore, MD-Washington, D.C. area.

Journal of geophysical research. Atmospheres : JGR·2020
Same author

Detoxification of Aflatoxins in Foods and Feeds by Physical and Chemical Methods <sup>1</sup>.

Journal of food protection·2019
Same author

Evaluation of critical congenital heart defects screening using pulse oximetry in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association·2017
Same author

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio associated with prognosis of lung cancer.

Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico·2016
Same author

Can we use pulsed fluoroscopy to decrease the radiation dose during video fluoroscopic feeding studies in children?

Clinical radiology·2008
Same journal

Six ways to put the public at the heart of science and policy.

Nature·2026
Same journal

The complex truth about trust in science.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Have people stopped trusting science? The data tell a surprising story.

Nature·2026
Same journal

How FAIR data are helping to build trust in science.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Scientists should recognize their own political biases to build public trust.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Harmonizing standards and resources for the medical genome.

Nature·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Monitoring Spatial Segregation in Surface Colonizing Microbial Populations
07:40

Monitoring Spatial Segregation in Surface Colonizing Microbial Populations

Published on: October 29, 2016

13.2K

Evolution of cooperation without reciprocity.

R L Riolo1, M D Cohen, R Axelrod

  • 1Center for the Study of Complex Systems, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA. rlriolo@umich.edu

Nature
|November 24, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cooperation can emerge between non-relatives using "tag-based" donation, where individuals help others with similar traits. This requires no memory of past interactions, simplifying cooperation models.

More Related Videos

The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm
06:18

The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm

Published on: October 20, 2022

2.3K
Daily Transfers, Archiving Populations, and Measuring Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli
15:00

Daily Transfers, Archiving Populations, and Measuring Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli

Published on: August 18, 2023

5.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Monitoring Spatial Segregation in Surface Colonizing Microbial Populations
07:40

Monitoring Spatial Segregation in Surface Colonizing Microbial Populations

Published on: October 29, 2016

13.2K
The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm
06:18

The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm

Published on: October 20, 2022

2.3K
Daily Transfers, Archiving Populations, and Measuring Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli
15:00

Daily Transfers, Archiving Populations, and Measuring Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli

Published on: August 18, 2023

5.1K

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Social sciences
  • Computational modeling

Background:

  • Understanding cooperation in evolving populations is a key challenge.
  • Kin selection explains some cooperation, but cooperation among non-kin remains complex.
  • Existing models like direct and indirect reciprocity often require memory or specific interaction structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate novel conditions for the emergence of cooperation among non-kin.
  • To explore the role of arbitrary similarities in facilitating cooperation.
  • To propose a mechanism for cooperation that bypasses the need for interaction memory.

Main Methods:

  • Computer simulations were employed to model interactions between agents.
  • Agents were programmed to donate based on shared arbitrary characteristics (tags).
  • The study analyzed the conditions under which tag-based donation promotes cooperation.

Main Results:

  • Cooperation can arise when agents donate to others with similar 'tags'.
  • This tag-based mechanism allows cooperation even with rudimentary signal detection.
  • No memory of past interactions is required for cooperation to emerge.

Conclusions:

  • Tag-based similarity provides a simple yet effective mechanism for cooperation.
  • This model offers a new perspective on the evolution of cooperation beyond kin selection and reciprocity.
  • The findings have implications for understanding cooperation in diverse biological and social systems.