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Long-term Depression

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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.

Long-term Depression

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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The Forced Swim Test as a Model of Depressive-like Behavior

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Stigma of depression--a personal view.

¹Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University College London, UK.

British Medical Bulletin

|November 27, 2001

Summary

The stigma surrounding depression, often stemming from misunderstanding and its perceived negative traits, causes shame and hinders treatment. Openness and education are vital to combatting this pervasive issue.

Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Mental Health Research

Background:

Depression is a serious mental illness.
The stigma associated with depression is unique and pervasive.
Stigma leads to shame, secrecy, and avoidance of treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the nature of depression stigma.
To understand the impact of stigma on patients.
To identify potential strategies for reducing stigma.

Main Methods:

Qualitative analysis of patient experiences.
Literature review on mental illness stigma.
Exploration of societal perceptions of depression.

Main Results:

Depression stigma is amplified by its perceived negative impact on personality (unattractiveness, unreliability).

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Self-stigmatization leads to shame, secrecy, and somatization, preventing effective treatment.

Lack of understanding by those unaffected contributes to viewing depression as a weakness.

Conclusions:

Addressing the stigma of depression is crucial for patient well-being and treatment adherence.
Increased openness from individuals with depression can help normalize the illness.
Educational initiatives, particularly in schools, are recommended to foster understanding and reduce stigma.