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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...

Peptic Ulcer

Peptic Ulcer

Peptic ulcers are erosive lesions of the gastric or duodenal lining, most commonly caused by Helicobacter pylori infection. This Gram-negative, helical bacterium has adapted to survive the stomach’s acidic environment by producing urease, which converts urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. The ammonia neutralizes gastric acid in the bacterium’s immediate environment, allowing colonization of the gastric mucosa. H. pylori attaches to mucus-secreting epithelial cells, penetrates the mucus...

Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Complications

Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Complications

Duodenal UlcersDuodenal ulcers are the most common form of peptic ulcer disease, presenting with chronic, intermittent epigastric pain. Pain typically appears 2–3 hours after meals, especially when the stomach is empty, often waking patients at night. It is characteristically relieved by food or antacids (“pain–food–relief”). Some patients remain asymptomatic until complications like bleeding or perforation emerge, particularly with NSAID or anticoagulant use.Gastric UlcersGastric ulcers share...

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Flexible Colonoscopy in Mice to Evaluate the Severity of Colitis and Colorectal Tumors Using a Validated Endoscopic Scoring System

Flexible Colonoscopy in Mice to Evaluate the Severity of Colitis and Colorectal Tumors Using a Validated Endoscopic Scoring System

Published on: October 16, 2013

Ulcerative colitis presenting as purpura fulminans.

C L Kempton¹, G Bagby, J F Collins

¹Department of Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, USA.

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

|November 27, 2001

Summary

Purpura fulminans, a rare condition, was linked to active ulcerative colitis (UC) and protein S deficiency in a patient. Surgical removal of the colon (colectomy) led to a dramatic improvement in the purpura.

Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Hematology
Dermatology

Background:

Active ulcerative colitis (UC) can present with hypercoagulable states.
Purpura fulminans is a rare thrombotic disorder characterized by purpura and necrosis.

Observation:

A 60-year-old male presented with purpura fulminans on his chest and flank.
The patient was diagnosed with active ulcerative colitis and protein S deficiency.

Findings:

Standard treatment with heparin and plasma was ineffective.
A total colectomy was performed due to persistent colitis and worsening purpura.
The patient showed a dramatic response to colectomy, with significant improvement in purpura.

Implications:

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Colectomy may be a crucial treatment for purpura fulminans associated with active ulcerative colitis.

This case highlights the link between inflammatory bowel disease and thrombotic complications.

Early recognition and intervention, including surgical management, are vital for managing severe purpura fulminans in UC patients.