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Advances in BHV1 (IBR) research.

O C Straub1

  • 1ocs.ltk@gmx.de

DTW. Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift
|November 28, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 (BHV1) causes various diseases in cattle. While vaccines prevent illness, they don't stop latent infections, complicating eradication efforts and international trade.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Immunology
  • Animal Health

Background:

  • Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 (BHV1) is responsible for multiple diseases in cattle, including infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IPV) and infectious balanoposthitis (IBP).
  • BHV1 strains exhibit varying virulence, with some causing mild or subclinical genital infections that hinder eradication programs.
  • Viral latency and reactivation, triggered by stress or corticosteroids, pose challenges for disease control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the diverse clinical manifestations and epidemiological significance of BHV1 infections in cattle.
  • To discuss the limitations of current vaccines in preventing infection and latency.
  • To highlight the implications of BHV1 seroprevalence for international cattle trade and eradication strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on BHV1 etiology, pathogenesis, and disease impact.
  • Analysis of serological data and prevalence variations across different regions and management systems.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic methods, including ELISA, for antibody detection against different vaccine types.

Main Results:

  • BHV1 causes a spectrum of diseases beyond IBR, affecting various cattle systems.
  • Humoral and cell-mediated immunity develop post-infection, but cell-mediated immunity is not colostrum-transferred.
  • ELISA is effective for detecting antibodies from field virus and conventional vaccines, but not gE-deleted marker vaccines.

Conclusions:

  • BHV1 eradication is costly and complicated by latent infections that vaccines do not prevent.
  • Seronegativity is crucial for international cattle trade, necessitating careful import/export regulations.
  • Ongoing research is needed to improve diagnostic tools and control strategies for BHV1.

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