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Health-care waste management in India.

A D Patil1, A V Shekdar

  • 1National Environmental Engineering Research Institute Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India.

Journal of Environmental Management
|November 28, 2001
PubMed
Summary

India generates approximately 0.33 million tonnes of health-care waste annually. Proper management is crucial, addressing issues like waste composition, handling, and disposal, alongside regulatory compliance.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Public Health
  • Waste Management

Background:

  • Health-care waste management in India is gaining importance due to new regulations.
  • Current practices involve mixed waste collection, transport, and disposal with municipal solid waste.
  • Existing systems face challenges like inadequate technology, funding, and training.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the current state of health-care waste management in India.
  • To identify hazards and shortcomings in existing waste management systems.
  • To propose a comprehensive waste management plan for healthcare establishments.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of waste generation rates and composition in healthcare units.
  • Review of existing handling, treatment, and disposal practices.
  • Summary of Biomedical Wastes (Management & Handling) Rules, 1998.

Main Results:

  • Annual waste generation estimated at 0.33 million tonnes, with infectious waste comprising 30-35%.
  • Waste generation rates range from 0.5 to 2.0 kg/bed/day.
  • Widespread issues include mixed waste disposal and failure to implement appropriate management systems.

Conclusions:

  • Effective health-care waste management requires institutional arrangements, appropriate technologies, and financial planning.
  • Staff training programs are essential for successful implementation.
  • Adherence to regulations and improved infrastructure are vital for safe waste disposal.

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