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Apparent copper absorption from a vegetarian diet.

J R Hunt1, R A Vanderpool

  • 1US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, USA. jhunt@gfhnrc.ars.usda.gov

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|November 28, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Vegetarian diets provide less efficient copper absorption but higher total copper intake compared to nonvegetarian diets. This results in greater overall copper absorption from vegetarian eating patterns.

Area of Science:

  • Human Nutrition
  • Mineral Metabolism
  • Dietary Studies

Background:

  • Vegetarian diets are often rich in copper but may lead to decreased plasma copper levels.
  • This suggests lower copper bioavailability in vegetarian diets compared to nonvegetarian diets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine and compare apparent copper absorption from controlled lacto-ovo-vegetarian and nonvegetarian diets.
  • Investigate the impact of diet composition on copper bioavailability.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized crossover study involving 18 women consuming lacto-ovo-vegetarian and nonvegetarian diets for 8 weeks each.
  • Diets were weighed and controlled for energy, copper, fiber, and phytic acid content.
  • Apparent copper absorption was assessed using the 65Cu stable isotope method via fecal excretion measurements.

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Main Results:

  • Plasma copper and ceruloplasmin levels remained unaffected by either diet.
  • Copper absorption efficiency was lower from the lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet (33%) versus the nonvegetarian diet (42%).
  • Despite lower efficiency, total apparent copper absorption was higher from the vegetarian diet (0.48 mg/d) compared to the nonvegetarian diet (0.40 mg/d) due to increased copper content.

Conclusions:

  • Copper is absorbed less efficiently from vegetarian diets than nonvegetarian diets.
  • However, the higher copper content in vegetarian diets leads to greater total apparent copper absorption.
  • Dietary choices significantly influence copper bioavailability and overall absorption.