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Diffusion tensor imaging in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

C M Griffin1, D T Chard, O Ciccarelli

  • 1NMR Research Unit, Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.

Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)
|November 29, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) showed significant differences in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions compared to normal-appearing white matter. However, early MS patients did not exhibit significant DTI abnormalities in normal-appearing white or grey matter, nor did DTI correlate with clinical outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Radiology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) indices are known to be abnormal in established multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Early relapsing-remitting MS may present subtle changes not yet detectable by standard DTI.
  • Understanding diffusion characteristics in early MS is crucial for monitoring disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine DTI characteristics in MS lesions, normal-appearing white matter (NAWM), and normal-appearing grey matter (NAGM) in early relapsing-remitting MS.
  • To investigate the relationship between DTI parameters (FA, MD, VR) and clinical outcomes (EDSS, MSFC) in early MS.
  • To assess the sensitivity of DTI with a region of interest (ROI) approach in early MS.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed on 28 early relapsing-remitting MS patients and 27 healthy controls.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Region of interest (ROI) analysis was applied to 12 NAWM and 9 NAGM regions.
  • Key DTI parameters analyzed included fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and volume ratio (VR).

    • Main Results:

    • Significant differences in FA, MD, and VR were found between MS lesions and NAWM (P<0.001).
    • No significant DTI differences were observed between MS patients and controls in NAWM or NAGM, despite a trend for abnormal FA and VR in some NAWM regions.
    • No correlation was found between DTI parameters (lesions, NAWM, NAGM) and clinical outcome measures (EDSS, MSFC).

    Conclusions:

    • DTI with ROI methodology may lack sensitivity to detect subtle pathological changes in NAWM and NAGM in early MS.
    • Other MRI techniques like MTR or N-Acetyl aspartate may be more sensitive for detecting early microstructural changes in normal-appearing brain tissue.
    • Further research with advanced DTI techniques or complementary MRI methods is warranted for early MS assessment.