Epitope variability of Bcl-2 immunolocalization in the human corneal epithelium

To further study the immunological localization of Bcl-2 protein in human corneal epithelium.

Three anti-human Bcl-2 antibodies, generated against amino acid residues (aa) 4-21 (polyclonal), 1-205 (monoclonal), and 41-54 (monoclonal), were used to localize Bcl-2 protein immunocytochemically in fresh eye bank donor human corneas.

In the central corneal epithelium, two anti-Bcl-2 antibodies (aa 4-21 and aa 1-205) showed intense cytoplasmic staining of basal epithelial cells. These antibodies produced similar staining in the limbal epithelium, with gradually less intense staining of wing and superficial cells. By contrast, as previously reported, a monoclonal antibody to aa 41-54 stained nuclei of all epithelial cell layers with the exception of some surface corneal epithelial cells; this antibody also demonstrated very bright anti-Bcl-2 staining of Langerhans cells localized in the peripheral corneal epithelium.

In our previous study, Bcl-2 protein was immunocytochemically localized to the nuclear compartment of all corneal epithelial cell layers with the use of antibodies specific for the regulatory flexible loop domain of Bcl-2. However, Bcl-2 can also be uniquely localized to the cytoplasm of the corneal epithelium with the use of antibodies generated against aa 4-21 and aa 1-205. Taken together, these results using epitope specific antibodies indicate that different epitopes on the Bcl-2 protein are available for antibody binding within different cells and cellular compartments, suggesting that proliferation and differentiation may lead to changes in the Bcl-2 structure and conformation within different compartments of the epithelial cells themselves.