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Hyperglycemic crises in diabetes mellitus type 2.

D L Trence1, I B Hirsch

  • 1Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. dtrence@u.washington.edu

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|December 1, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Hyperglycemic crises, including diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS), are increasingly recognized in type 2 diabetes. Understanding their complex causes, including medications and endocrinopathies, is crucial for effective management.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Diabetes Mellitus Research

Background:

  • Hyperglycemic crises (diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state) are significant complications in type 2 diabetes.
  • These crises are increasingly observed in both newly diagnosed and established diabetes cases.
  • The precise contributing factors and associations remain incompletely understood, especially for DKA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the contributing factors and associations of hyperglycemic crises in type 2 diabetes.
  • To investigate the role of comorbid illnesses and their medications in precipitating these events.
  • To explore the potential impact of endocrinopathies on insulin resistance and glycemic load.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical data and literature on hyperglycemic crises in type 2 diabetes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of the influence of commonly prescribed medications for comorbidities.
  • Examination of the contribution of endocrinopathies to hyperglycemia.

    • Main Results:

    • Medications for common comorbidities can predispose patients to HHS.
    • Endocrinopathies can exacerbate insulin resistance and increase glycemic load.
    • Emerging research suggests certain medications, like protease inhibitors, may offer insights into diabetes pathophysiology.

    Conclusions:

    • Hyperglycemic crises are a complex manifestation of type 2 diabetes, influenced by multiple factors.
    • Further research into medication effects and endocrinopathies is needed to clarify pathophysiology and improve patient outcomes.
    • Understanding these triggers is vital for preventing and managing diabetes decompensation.