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Related Experiment Videos

Insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes.

S Mudaliar1, S V Edelman

  • 1Section of Diabetes/Metabolism, VA San Diego HealthCare System, Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|December 1, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes, particularly with insulin therapy, can delay complications. Combination therapies and new insulin formulations offer improved glycemic management for patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes is a prevalent metabolic disorder linked to significant cardiovascular risks.
  • Hyperglycemia in early type 2 diabetes is primarily driven by insulin resistance.
  • Progressive beta-cell dysfunction necessitates eventual insulin therapy for glycemic control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and emerging strategies for managing type 2 diabetes, focusing on glycemic control.
  • To discuss the role of insulin therapy, combination treatments, and novel delivery systems.
  • To highlight the importance of individualized treatment goals and disease prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of findings from major studies like the UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Discussion of therapeutic approaches including lifestyle modifications, oral agents, and various insulin regimens.
  • Examination of new insulin analogues, delivery devices (pumps, intraperitoneal), and gut peptide therapies.
  • Mention of the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) investigating primary prevention strategies.

    • Main Results:

    • Intensive glucose control, as shown by UKPDS, reduces microvascular and potentially macrovascular complications.
    • Combination therapy with insulin and oral agents can normalize glycemia in selected patients.
    • Newer insulin analogues and delivery systems offer improved pharmacokinetic profiles and patient convenience.
    • Metformin and glitazones may have insulin-sparing effects and mitigate insulin-associated weight gain.

    Conclusions:

    • Optimal glycemic management in type 2 diabetes often requires a stepwise approach, escalating to insulin therapy.
    • Individualized treatment goals are crucial, especially for elderly patients or those with comorbidities.
    • Emerging technologies and therapies promise enhanced glycemic control and potential for disease prevention.