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Updated: Jul 31, 2026

Osmotic Drug Delivery to Ischemic Hindlimbs and Perfusion of Vasculature with Microfil for Micro-Computed Tomography Imaging
Published on: June 29, 2013
Drug treatment of peripheral vascular disease
1Department of Vascular Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Abstract:
There are a limited number of clinically effective pharmacotherapeutic agents for treatment of peripheral vascular disorders. Pentoxifylline and cilostazol are available for the symptomatic treatment of intermittent claudication. Analogs of carnitine and L-arginine are being evaluated for treatment of the symptoms of intermittent claudication, and prostaglandins and growth factors are being evaluated for critical limb ischemia. Calcium channel blockers remain the treatment of choice for Raynaud's phenomenon. Alternative vasodilators may be used selectively to treat individuals with Raynaud's phenomenon who are intolerant of calcium channel blockers or in whom such therapy has been unsuccessful. Prostaglandins have been evaluated in patients with refractory Raynaud's phenomenon who also have digital ulceration. The mainstay of short-term treatment (and prophylaxis) of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has been unfractionated heparin, but now the use of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) has emerged. Newer agents, such as heparinoids and direct thrombin inhibitors, hold promise for the prevention and treatment of DVT. Prolonged treatment with warfarin is still required to prevent recurrent thrombosis, although the duration of treatment has come under debate.
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