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Major depression as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease: therapeutic implications

J B Perlmutter1, W H Frishman, R E Feinstein

  • 1Payne Whitney Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, New York Presbyterian Hospital Cornell Campus, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA.

Heart Disease (Hagerstown, Md.)
|December 1, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Psychological depression is a significant risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and can worsen existing conditions. This review analyzes the link between depression and heart health.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide.
  • The interplay between mental health, specifically psychological depression, and physical health outcomes like CVD is increasingly recognized.
  • Understanding this association is crucial for comprehensive patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and analyze existing literature on the association between psychological depression and cardiovascular disease.
  • To identify depression as a potential risk factor and aggravating factor for CVD.
  • To explore proposed pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic implications.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted using Medline and Psychlit databases.
  • Relevant articles published between 1980 and 1999 were identified.
  • Search terms included "depression," "cardiovascular disease (CVD)," "coronary artery disease," and "cardiac risk factor."

Main Results:

  • Analysis of both cross-sectional and prospective studies indicates a significant association.
  • Psychological depression is identified as a risk factor for the onset of CVD.
  • Depression also acts as an aggravating factor for individuals with pre-existing CVD.

Conclusions:

  • Psychological depression is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
  • Effective management of depression may be vital in CVD prevention and treatment strategies.
  • Further research into pathophysiological links and therapeutic interventions is warranted.

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