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Tamoxifen and ovarian cysts: a prospective study
M Seoud1, N El-saghir, Z Salem
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, American University of Beirut, Medical Center, C/O NY Office, 850 Third Avenue, New York, NW 10022, USA. mike@aub.edu.lb
European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology
|December 1, 2001
Summary
Tamoxifen use in breast cancer patients frequently leads to ovarian cysts, particularly in pre-menopausal women. Most cysts resolve spontaneously, suggesting expectant management with ultrasound monitoring is appropriate.
Area of Science:
- Gynecologic Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Radiology
Background:
- Tamoxifen is a widely used medication for breast cancer treatment.
- The potential side effects of tamoxifen on ovarian function require thorough investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To prospectively monitor women with breast cancer undergoing tamoxifen therapy for the incidence and characteristics of ovarian cyst development.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 72 women with breast cancer on tamoxifen was followed for ovarian cyst development.
- Regular pelvic examinations and transvaginal ultrasounds were conducted every six months.
- Statistical analysis included Chi-square and Student's t-tests.
Main Results:
- Ovarian cysts developed in 25% of the 72 women studied.
- Pre-menopausal women had a significantly higher incidence of ovarian cysts (43.8%) compared to post-menopausal women (10%).
- The majority of cysts were simple, asymptomatic, and resolved spontaneously, though one case of cystadenoma occurred.
Conclusions:
- Tamoxifen therapy is associated with a frequent development of ovarian cysts in breast cancer patients.
- Given the high rate of spontaneous resolution, expectant management with serial ultrasonography is the recommended approach for these cysts.