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Arthropod allergens and human health
1Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45435, USA. larry.arlian@wright.edu
Annual Review of Entomology
|December 1, 2001
Summary
Arthropods like insects and mites are common sources of allergens that cause IgE-mediated allergic reactions. Understanding these arthropod allergens is crucial for developing new diagnostic and immunotherapy strategies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Allergology
- Entomology
Background:
- Arthropods, particularly insects and mites, are significant sources of potent allergens.
- Human allergic reactions to arthropods are primarily IgE-mediated, similar to responses to pollens, molds, and foods.
- Allergies to stinging insects, cockroaches, and dust mites are frequently reported due to extensive human contact.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review insects and mites that induce allergic reactions in humans.
- To summarize the immunobiochemical characterization of arthropod allergens where data is available.
- To present the frequency of sensitivity and clinical reactivity to these allergens in the human population.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on arthropod allergens.
- Analysis of immunobiochemical characterization data for identified allergens.
- Compilation of epidemiological data on human sensitivity and reactivity.
Main Results:
- Numerous arthropod species, especially insects and mites, are identified as sources of clinically relevant allergens.
- Many allergens have been purified, characterized, and some recombinant forms produced.
- Recombinant allergen cocktails show potential for improved diagnosis and immunotherapy.
Conclusions:
- Insects and mites are major contributors to arthropod-induced allergies.
- Detailed characterization of arthropod allergens facilitates understanding of allergic mechanisms.
- Recombinant allergens offer promising avenues for the clinical management of arthropod allergies.