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[Vascular risk factors in demented elderly: analysis of Alzheimer Clinic materials]
K Czyzewski1, A Pfeffer, B Wasiak
1Zespołu Badawczo-Leczniczego Chorób Zwyrodnieniowych Centralnego Układu Nerwowego CMDiK PAN CSK MSWiA w Warszawie.
Insights
Vascular disease and Alzheimer's disease (AD) share common risk factors, suggesting a potential role for vascular issues in AD development. This study compared vascular risk factors in patients with AD and vascular dementia (VD).
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Cardiology
- Gerontology
Context:
- Growing evidence links vascular disease to cognitive impairment and dementia.
- Cerebrovascular disease may exacerbate Alzheimer's disease (AD) symptoms.
- Understanding shared risk factors is crucial for dementia research.
Purpose:
- To determine the prevalence of vascular risk factors in age- and sex-matched patients with dementia.
- To compare vascular risk profiles between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD) cohorts.
- To investigate the potential shared etiology between vascular disease and AD.
Summary:
- The study analyzed 109 AD patients and 37 VD patients, comparing demographic data and vascular risk factors.
- Arterial hypertension was more prevalent in VD (51.3%) than AD (30.3%).
- No significant differences were observed in coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes, or lipid profiles, except for HDL-cholesterol.
Impact:
- Findings suggest a shared etiology between vascular disease and AD.
- Common risk factors may independently increase the risk of both disorders.
- Vascular disease might play a role in the development of AD, highlighting the importance of vascular health in cognitive function.
Unlabelled:
In recent years evidence is increasing that vascular disease is associated with cognitive impairment and dementia. Moreover, presence of cerebrovascular disease may intensify the clinical symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of vascular risk factors in age and sex matched patients with dementia. We studied 109 patients with AD and 37 patients vascular dementia (VD). DSM-III-R test for dementia, NINCDS-ADRDA guidelines for AD and NINDS-ARIEN for VD were applied.
Results:
Mean age of dementia onset in AD and VD was 65.8 SD 7.8 and 67.4 SD 7.0 years (p > 0.05), the duration of dementia, MMS and GDS for patients with AD and VD was not significantly different. Arterial hypertension was associated in 51.3% VD and 30.3% AD (p < 0.05), hypotension in 11.1 and 23.6% respectively (p > 0.05), atrial fibrillation was similar in AD and VD, coronary artery disease was presents 64.8% AD and 46.8 VD (p > 0.05) and type 2 diabetes in 21.6% and 10.1% (p > 0.05) respectively. No significant differences in serum lipid profile were found in both groups, except two times higher incidence of normal HDL-cholesterol concentration in AD compare to VD. The relation between alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking and head trauma was similar in both types of dementia.
Conclusion:
Vascular disease and AD have to some extent a shared aetiology, and risk factors that they have in common increase the risk of both disorders independently and vascular disease is perhaps involved in the aetiology of AD.