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Cationic solid-lipid nanoparticles can efficiently bind and transfect plasmid DNA.

C Olbrich1, U Bakowsky, C M Lehr

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biopharmacy and Biotechnology, Free University of Berlin, 12169, Berlin, Germany.

Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society
|December 6, 2001
PubMed
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Cationic solid-lipid nanoparticles (SLN) modified with EQ1 show promise as effective and safe non-viral gene delivery agents. These SLN-DNA complexes efficiently transfected cells, demonstrating good biocompatibility.

Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Gene Delivery

Background:

  • Solid-lipid nanoparticles (SLN) are investigated as potential non-viral gene delivery vectors.
  • Cationic modification is explored to enhance DNA binding and cellular uptake.
  • The development of safe and efficient transfection agents remains a critical challenge in gene therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the suitability of cationically modified SLN as a novel transfection agent.
  • To characterize the physicochemical properties and DNA complexation of these SLN.
  • To assess the in vitro cytotoxicity and transfection efficiency of SLN-DNA complexes.

Main Methods:

  • SLN were prepared using hot homogenization with Compritol ATO 888 or paraffin as matrix lipids and EQ1 or cetylpyridinium chloride as cationic charge carriers.

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  • Particle size, zeta potential, and DNA binding were analyzed using dynamic light scattering, zeta potential measurements, and agarose gel electrophoresis.
  • Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used for complex characterization.
  • Cytotoxicity was assessed via LDH release and WST-1 assays.
  • Transfection efficiency was evaluated in Cos-1 cells using a galactosidase expression plasmid.

    • Main Results:

    • SLN with approximately 100 nm size and +40 mV zeta potential were produced.
    • A specific SLN formulation (SII-13: 4% Compritol, 4% Tween/Span, 1% EQ1) effectively formed stable complexes with DNA, with sizes ranging from 300 to 800 nm.
    • Cationic SLN exhibited low cytotoxicity (LD50 >3 mg/ml and >0.6 mg/ml in cytotoxicity assays).
    • SLN-DNA complexes efficiently transfected Cos-1 cells, with enhanced expression in the presence of chloroquine.

    Conclusions:

    • Cationically modified solid-lipid nanoparticles, particularly those formulated with EQ1, are suitable for DNA complexation and gene delivery.
    • These SLN-DNA complexes demonstrate good biocompatibility and efficient in vitro transfection capabilities.
    • The findings support the potential of EQ1-modified SLN as a promising non-viral gene delivery system.