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Related Experiment Videos

Quantum phase slips in superconducting nanowires.

C N Lau1, N Markovic, M Bockrath

  • 1Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|December 12, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Researchers studied superconducting nanowires, observing broader resistance transitions as wires got smaller. This provides strong evidence for quantum phase slips (QPS) in these thin wires.

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Superconducting nanowires exhibit unique electrical properties influenced by their small dimensions.
  • Understanding the mechanisms governing resistance transitions is crucial for applications in quantum computing and electronics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the resistance-temperature behavior of superconducting nanowires with varying dimensions.
  • To determine the dominant mechanisms responsible for resistive transitions in these nanowires, particularly at low temperatures.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication and characterization of over 20 superconducting nanowires with widths from 10-22 nm and lengths from 100 nm to 1 micrometer.
  • Measurement of resistance as a function of temperature for all fabricated nanowires.
  • Comparison of experimental data with theoretical models, including those incorporating thermally activated phase slips and quantum phase slips (QPS).

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Main Results:

  • Observed increasingly broad resistive transitions with decreasing cross-sectional areas of the nanowires.
  • Experimental data showed excellent agreement with a model combining thermally activated phase slips and quantum phase slips (QPS).
  • Discrepancy noted with an earlier model based on a critical value of R(N)/R(q).

Conclusions:

  • The study provides strong experimental evidence supporting the occurrence of quantum phase slips (QPS) in thin superconducting wires.
  • The findings highlight the importance of QPS in understanding the low-temperature behavior of nanoscale superconductors.
  • The validated model offers a more accurate description of resistive transitions in superconducting nanowires compared to previous theories.