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Related Experiment Videos

Zero-bias anomaly in disordered wires.

E G Mishchenko1, A V Andreev, L I Glazman

  • 1Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|December 12, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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We studied electron-electron interactions in disordered wires, finding that low-energy states transition from power-law to exponential behavior. This crossover depends on electron scattering and temperature, impacting conductivity.

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Mesoscopic Physics
  • Quantum Transport

Background:

  • Disordered wires exhibit complex electronic properties due to quantum interference and interactions.
  • Understanding the low-energy density of states is crucial for predicting transport phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To calculate the low-energy tunneling density of states in an N-channel disordered wire.
  • To investigate the nonperturbative effects of electron-electron interactions.
  • To analyze the influence of finite scattering rates and temperature on electronic states.

Main Methods:

  • Nonperturbative calculation of electron-electron interactions.
  • Analysis of the tunneling density of states (nu(epsilon,T)).
  • Examination of crossover behavior driven by scattering rate (1/tau) and temperature (T).

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Main Results:

  • A crossover is observed from Luttinger liquid behavior (nu ~ epsilon^alpha) to exponential dependence (nu ~ exp(-epsilon*/epsilon)) at low energies.
  • The characteristic energy scale epsilon* is proportional to 1/(N*tau), where N is the number of channels.
  • At finite temperatures, the density of states scales with epsilon/sqrt(epsilon*T), and at the Fermi level, nu(0,T) ~ exp(-sqrt(epsilon*/T)).

Conclusions:

  • Electron-electron interactions and scattering fundamentally alter the low-energy electronic structure of disordered wires.
  • The predicted exponential dependence and temperature scaling provide testable predictions for transport experiments.
  • This work elucidates the interplay between disorder, interactions, and dimensionality in quantum systems.