Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 11, 2026

Methods to Assess Subcellular Compartments of Muscle in C. elegans
10:13

Methods to Assess Subcellular Compartments of Muscle in C. elegans

Published on: November 13, 2014

Abnormal formation of sarcoplasmic reticulum networks and triads during early development of skeletal muscle cells in

S Komazaki1, M Nishi, H Takeshima

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Saitama Medical School, Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama 350-0495, Japan. komazaki@saitama-med.ac.jp

Development, Growth & Differentiation
|December 12, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Mitsugumin29 (MG29) deficiency in mice disrupts skeletal muscle development, causing abnormal sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) networks and triad formation. These defects impact muscle cell structure from early development through adulthood.

Area of Science:

  • Muscle Biology
  • Cellular Ultrastructure
  • Membrane Protein Function

Background:

  • Mitsugumin29 (MG29) is a novel membrane protein identified in skeletal muscle triads.
  • MG29 was previously suggested to play a role in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) network and triad formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of MG29 in skeletal muscle development.
  • To determine the role of MG29 in the formation of SR networks and triads using MG29-deficient mice.

Main Methods:

  • Generation and analysis of MG29-deficient mice.
  • Ultrastructural examination of skeletal muscle cell development.

Main Results:

  • MG29-deficient mice exhibited incomplete SR network formation.
  • Abnormalities included irregular transverse tubule running and defective triads at the A-I junction.
  • These structural defects were observed from early myogenesis and persisted into adulthood.

Conclusions:

  • MG29 is crucial for proper skeletal muscle development, particularly for SR network and triad formation.
  • The absence of MG29 leads to persistent morphological abnormalities in muscle cells.
  • These findings highlight MG29's essential role in muscle cell structural integrity.

More Related Videos

Characterization of Neuromuscular Junctions in Mice by Combined Confocal and Super-Resolution Microscopy11:03

Characterization of Neuromuscular Junctions in Mice by Combined Confocal and Super-Resolution Microscopy

Published on: December 8, 2021

Methods for In situ Quantification of Mitochondrial Morphology in Muscle and Terminal Schwann Cells of Mice08:13

Methods for In situ Quantification of Mitochondrial Morphology in Muscle and Terminal Schwann Cells of Mice

Published on: April 10, 2026

Related Concept Videos

Overview of Skeletal Muscle01:15

Overview of Skeletal Muscle

Skeletal muscles are composed of a bundle of muscle fibers and are attached to bones through tendons. Each skeletal muscle fiber is a single muscle cell. The sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell, consists of a lipid bilayer and glycocalyx that supports muscle fibers. The sarcolemma extends into the muscle cells to form tubular structures called transverse or T-tubules. Each side of the T-tubules consists of a membrane-bound structure called the sarcoplasmic reticulum,...
Formation of Muscle Fibers from Myoblasts01:13

Formation of Muscle Fibers from Myoblasts

De novo myogenesis, or the formation of muscle fibers, begins during the early embryonic stages. The skeletal muscle is formed from somites– blocks of embryonic cell layers. The somites are further divided into dermatomes, myotomes, sclerotomes, and syndetomes. Among these, the myotomes give rise to muscle fibers.
Muscle progenitor cells (MPCs) are formed from the myotomes. MPCs express genes that encode the transcription factors Pax3 and Pax7. Along with Pax 3/7, other transcription factors...
Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy01:21

Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy

Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles01:13

Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles

Skeletal muscle cells, also called muscle fibers, are distinctly elongated, multi-nucleated, slender biological units. They are packed with specialized structures designed to facilitate their primary function, which is contraction.
The muscle sarcolemma is a plasma membrane enclosing each muscle cell that conducts electrical signals called action potentials. The sarcolemma extends into the cell to form T-tubules, ensuring the neural impulses are uniformly distributed across the entire muscle...
The Sarcomere01:08

The Sarcomere

A sarcomere is a microscopic segment repeating in a myofibril. The sarcomere fundamentally consists of two main myofilaments: thick filaments called myosin and thin filaments called actin. These filaments interact by sliding past each other in response to stimulus. In addition to myosin and actin, several other proteins, such as tropomyosin, troponin, titin, nebulin, myomesin, α-actinin, and dystrophin, play crucial roles in regulating, structuring, and functioning of the sarcomere.
Each myosin...