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Cytomegalovirus DNA among children attending two day-care centers in Tokyo
Y Kashiwagi1, S Nemoto, Hisashi
1Department of Paediatrics, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan. hoyohoyo@tokyo-med.ac.jp
Insights
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) excretion is prevalent in Japanese day-care centers, with 22.2% of children testing positive. This study suggests CMV infections are acquired within these facilities, highlighting potential viral transmission risks.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Pediatrics
- Public Health
Background:
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) excretion is common in US day-care centers.
- Limited research exists on CMV prevalence in Japanese day-care settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence of CMV excretion in children attending day-care centers in Japan.
- To compare CMV prevalence in day-care attendees versus non-attendees.
Main Methods:
- Saliva samples were collected from 54 children in two Tokyo day-care centers and 61 healthy non-attendees.
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
- Sequencing was performed on positive CMV samples to identify viral strains.
Main Results:
- Overall CMV positivity in day-care attendees was 22.2% (12/54).
- CMV positivity was significantly higher in day-care attendees (22.2%) compared to controls (6.5%).
- Identical CMV sequences were found within samples from the same day-care center.
Conclusions:
- A single dominant CMV strain likely circulates within each day-care center.
- Evidence suggests CMV infections are acquired within day-care settings in Japan.
- This is the first report detailing CMV transmission in Japanese day-care centers.
Background:
In the USA, a high prevalence rate of cytomegalovirus (CMV) excretion among children in day-care centres was reported. However, there is no research about the prevalence rate of CMV among children in day-care centres in Japan.
Methods:
The CMV excretion was studied in 54 children's saliva samples, collected from two different day-care centres in Tokyo. As a control, the prevalence of CMV was studied among 61 healthy children who did not attend any day-care centers. The CMV DNA in saliva were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis with one pair of primers for the immediate early region. The sequence of CMV genomes were examined in CMV PCR positive samples.
Results:
Of the 54 saliva samples, 20.6% (6/29) and 24% (6/25) were CMV PCR positive in children at A and B day-care centres, respectively. The overall positivity of CMV PCR in saliva was 22.2% (12/54). Of the 61 saliva samples as the control study, 6.5% (4/61) were CMV PCR positive. There was a difference in the positivity in each age group of day-care centres and normal control. Each sample of the same day-care center gave conclusive and identical sequence results.
Conclusion:
We suspected that in each day-care center that there was one prevailing viral strain. We suppose that CMV infections were acquired inside the day-care centres. This is a first report which described viral transmission in day-care centres in Japan.
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