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Related Experiment Videos

Associative processing and paranormal belief.

L R Gianotti1, C Mohr, D Pizzagalli

  • 1The KEY Institute for Brain-Mind Research, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Zurich, Switzerland. lgianotti@key.unizh.ch

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
|December 12, 2001
PubMed
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Individuals who believe in paranormal phenomena exhibit greater originality in their word associations compared to skeptics. This finding suggests a link between paranormal belief, creativity, and cognitive processing, particularly when dealing with ambiguous information.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Parapsychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Investigating the cognitive underpinnings of paranormal belief is crucial for understanding belief systems.
  • Individual differences in association tasks may reveal distinct cognitive styles.
  • The relationship between creativity and belief systems remains an area of active research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate the Bridge-the-Associative-Gap (BAG) task for assessing association originality and speed.
  • To explore the relationship between creativity and paranormal belief using the BAG task.
  • To propose a cognitive model explaining the association behavior of believers and skeptics.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the Bridge-the-Associative-Gap (BAG) task to measure originality and speed of word associations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Recruited participants categorized as strong 'believers' (n=12) and 'skeptics' (n=12) in paranormal phenomena.
  • Administered word-pair association tasks with both indirectly related and unrelated stimuli, measuring response commonality and latency.

    • Main Results:

    • Believers produced significantly more original associations (lower group frequency) than skeptics when presented with unrelated stimuli.
    • Association latency did not significantly differ between believers and skeptics for either stimulus type.
    • The BAG task effectively differentiated between believers and skeptics in terms of associative originality.

    Conclusions:

    • Paranormal belief is associated with a more original, less conventional style of associative thinking, particularly under conditions of semantic ambiguity.
    • A signal detection model suggests believers may employ a looser response criterion, impacting judgments of semantic relations.
    • Findings offer insights into the cognitive overlap between creative thinking, paranormal belief, and potentially delusional ideation, with implications for psychiatric understanding.