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Related Experiment Videos

Acid detection by taste receptor cells.

J A DeSimone1, V Lyall, G L Heck

  • 1Department of Physiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA. jdesimon@hsc.vcu.edu

Respiration Physiology
|December 12, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Sour taste detection involves complex mechanisms in taste receptor cells (TRCs). This study explores how acids stimulate TRCs, focusing on pH changes and cellular responses.

Area of Science:

  • * Sensory Biology
  • * Molecular Physiology
  • * Taste Perception

Background:

  • * Sourness, a primary taste, triggers innate rejection responses, potentially protecting against spoiled food.
  • * Acid sensing in taste receptor cells (TRCs) is complex due to species variability and differing mechanisms for strong vs. weak acids.
  • * TRCs are polarized epithelial cells with distinct apical and basolateral membrane properties, complicating acid-sensing investigations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the cellular mechanisms by which acidic stimuli excite TRCs.
  • * To review proposed acid-sensing mechanisms in taste cells, including channel activity and intracellular pH regulation.
  • * To emphasize the role of pH-tracking in TRCs during acid perception.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • * Review of proposed cellular mechanisms for acid sensing in TRCs.
  • * Analysis of stimulus-evoked changes in intracellular pH (pH(i)) and their relationship with extracellular pH (pH(o)).
  • * Comparison of acid-sensing mechanisms in TRCs with those in other mammalian acid-sensing cells (e.g., carotid body cells, neurons).

    • Main Results:

    • * Multiple mechanisms are proposed for acid sensing, including ion channel activity (K+, Ca2+, Na+, Cl-) and proton-gated channels (BNC-1).
    • * Acid-induced intracellular pH changes in TRCs resemble those in other acid-sensing cells.
    • * Isolated TRCs exhibit a linear pH(i)-pH(o) relationship with a slope near unity, indicating pH-tracking capabilities.

    Conclusions:

    • * TRCs exhibit pH-tracking, similar to other acid-sensing cells, showing a near unity slope for pH(i)/pH(o).
    • * TRCs regulate intracellular pH under iso-extracellular conditions but fail to regulate when extracellular pH decreases.
    • * Understanding these pH-tracking mechanisms is crucial for elucidating sour taste perception.