Granulocytic sarcoma occurring in the maxillary gingiva demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging

We report the case of a 43-year-old woman presenting with a painless swelling that had developed over 8 months in the maxillary labial vestibule. An oral examination revealed an exophytic, firm, black-pigmented lesion measuring 3.5 x 1.5 cm that bled on palpation. Periapical radiographs showed a slightly enlarged periodontal ligament space of the left central incisor and bone resorption in the region of the missing lateral incisor. Panoramic and other conventional radiographs showed no obvious lytic area, and a magnetic resonance imaging examination demonstrated a low signal intensity lesion on both the T1-weighted and the T2-weighted images. Therefore, granulocytic sarcoma was suspected. Granulocytic sarcoma of the oral cavity is a rare condition, and its diagnosis is usually difficult. Increased awareness of this entity may minimize misinterpretation of radiographic and clinical findings and can assist suitable treatment planning that is essential to this pathosis.