The carboxyl-terminal lobe of Hsc70 ATPase domain is sufficient for binding to BAG1

The molecular co-chaperone BAG1 and other members of the BAG family bind to Hsp70/Hsc70 heat shock proteins through a conserved BAG domain that interacts with the ATPase domain of the chaperone. BAG1 and other accessory proteins stimulate ATP hydrolysis and regulate the ATP-driven activity of the chaperone complexes. Contacts are made through residues in helices alpha2 and alpha3 of the BAG domain and predominantly residues in the C-terminal lobe of the bi-lobed Hsc70 ATPase domain. Within the C-terminal lobe, a subdomain exists that contains all the contacts shown by mutagenesis to be required for BAG1 recognition. In this study, the subdomain, representing Hsc70 residues 229-309, was cloned and expressed as a separately folded unit. The results of in vitro binding assays demonstrate that this subdomain is sufficient for binding to BAG1. Binding analyses with surface plasmon resonance indicated that the subdomain binds to BAG1 with a 10-fold decrease in equilibrium dissociation constant (K(D) = 22 nM) relative to the intact ATPase domain. This result suggests that the stabilizing contacts for docking of BAG1 to Hsc70 are located in the C-terminal lobe of the ATPase domain. These findings provide new insights into the role of co-chaperones as nucleotide exchange factors.