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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

Muscles of the Shoulder

The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...

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Movement analysis of asymptomatic normal shoulders: a preliminary study.

I S Talkhani1, C P Kelly

  • 1Hand and Upper Limb Unit, Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, United Kingdom.

Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
|December 18, 2001
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Summary

Arm elevation range decreases with age, but the ratio of glenohumeral to scapular movement remains consistent. This study analyzed shoulder movement dynamics in young and older adults using low-radiation dynamic radiography.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Biomechanics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Scapulothoracic rhythm is crucial for arm movement.
  • Previous analysis of shoulder movement often involved higher radiation techniques.
  • Understanding age-related changes in shoulder biomechanics is clinically relevant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the dynamic scapulothoracic rhythm during arm forward flexion.
  • To compare shoulder movement patterns in young versus older adults.
  • To evaluate a low-radiation dynamic radiographic technique for shoulder movement analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Dynamic radiographic screening of shoulder movement during arm elevation in the scapular plane.
  • Computer-aided analysis of real-time video images.
  • Inclusion of 10 young (mean age 35) and 9 older (mean age 70) male volunteers.

Main Results:

  • Younger adults achieved greater mean arm elevation (154°) compared to older adults (118°).
  • Glenohumeral and total scapular movements were reduced in older adults.
  • No statistically significant difference was observed in the glenohumeral-scapular or glenohumeral-arm movement ratios between the two groups.

Conclusions:

  • While overall arm elevation capacity decreases with age, the relative contribution of glenohumeral and scapular motion remains stable.
  • The dynamic radiographic technique is a safe, low-radiation method for assessing shoulder movement.
  • Findings support the applicability of this technique in clinical studies of shoulder biomechanics.