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Experimental forward mandibular displacement in sheep.

Bingkui Ma1, Wayne Sampson, Nicola Fazzalari

  • 1Orthodontic Unit, Dental School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Adelaide University, SA 5005, Adelaide, Australia. bingkui.ma@student.adelaide.edu.au

Archives of Oral Biology
|December 18, 2001
PubMed
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This study shows that sheep are a suitable animal model for dentofacial orthopaedic research. A functional appliance effectively modified temporomandibular joint (TMJ) growth in sheep.

Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics
  • Animal Models in Research
  • Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Biology

Background:

  • Dentofacial orthopaedics aims to modify jaw growth using functional appliances.
  • Investigating TMJ growth modifications requires suitable animal models.
  • Sheep have not been extensively evaluated as a model for TMJ research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test a functional appliance designed for sheep in modifying TMJ growth.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of sheep as an animal model for dentofacial orthopaedic research.

Main Methods:

  • Eight 4-month-old Merino sheep were divided into experimental (n=4) and control (n=4) groups.
  • A custom-designed cast functional appliance was used to protract the mandible for 15 weeks.

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  • Mandibular displacement was analyzed using dental casts, cephalograms, and implant markers; TMJ tissue responses were assessed histologically.

    • Main Results:

    • Sheep maintained normal growth and weight throughout the 15-week experimental period.
    • The functional appliance successfully induced downward and forward mandibular displacement.
    • Histological analysis revealed adaptive TMJ responses, including condylar process reshaping and cartilage thickening.

    Conclusions:

    • The tested functional appliance effectively induced adaptive TMJ changes in sheep.
    • Sheep demonstrate suitability as an animal model for studying TMJ growth modifications in dentofacial orthopaedics.