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Could malaria reappear in Italy?

R Romi1, G Sabatinelli, G Majori

  • 1Laboratorio di Parassitologia, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy. romi@sun.iss.it

Emerging Infectious Diseases
|December 19, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Malaria reintroduction in Italy is unlikely due to low malariogenic potential, despite some areas having receptive conditions for malaria vectors. Ongoing epidemiologic surveillance is recommended.

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Impact of environmental changes and human-related factors on the potential malaria vector, Anopheles labranchiae (Diptera: Culicidae), in Maremma, Central Italy.

Journal of medical entomology·2012

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Concerns exist regarding the potential reintroduction of malaria transmission in Italy.
  • Assessing the country's malariogenic potential is crucial for public health preparedness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze epidemiologic factors influencing malaria transmission in Italy.
  • To determine the overall malariogenic potential of the country.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of epidemiologic factors related to malaria transmission.
  • Assessment of receptivity in rural areas of central and southern Italy.
  • Evaluation of the susceptibility of the primary malaria vector, Anopheles labranchiae, to Plasmodium strains and its vulnerability.

Main Results:

  • Some rural areas in central and southern Italy exhibit high receptivity due to the presence of potential malaria vectors like Anopheles labranchiae.
  • Anopheles labranchiae shows susceptibility to Plasmodium vivax but less to Plasmodium falciparum.
  • Vulnerability to malaria transmission is low owing to a limited number of gametocyte carriers (imported cases) during favorable climatic seasons.

Conclusions:

  • The overall malariogenic potential in Italy is considered low.
  • Reintroduction of malaria is improbable in most regions of Italy.
  • Continuous epidemiologic surveillance of the malaria situation is warranted.

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