Catheter-related bacteremia due to Streptomyces in a patient receiving holistic infusions

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Microbiology
• Public Health

Background:

• Streptomyces species are known to cause opportunistic infections, though invasive disease is uncommon in humans.
• Catheter-associated infections represent a significant healthcare challenge, increasing morbidity and mortality.
• Holistic and alternative therapies, including injectable preparations, are gaining popularity but may carry unassessed risks.

Observation:

• A case of catheter-associated bacteremia caused by Streptomyces species is reported.
• The patient had received unlicensed, injectable holistic preparations prior to the onset of infection.
• This represents the first documented instance of invasive infection linked to such treatments.

Findings:

• The patient's bloodstream infection was successfully treated with appropriate antimicrobial therapy.
• A review of existing literature revealed a limited number of invasive Streptomyces infections, often associated with specific risk factors.
• The unlicensed injectable preparations were identified as the probable source of Streptomyces contamination.

Implications:

• This case underscores the potential for rare pathogens to cause invasive infections through contaminated alternative therapies.
• Healthcare providers should inquire about the use of all treatments, including holistic and injectable preparations.
• Further investigation into the safety and regulation of injectable holistic products is warranted to prevent future infections.