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Pathogenicity of mumps virus in the marmoset
Shizuko Saika1, Minoru Kidokoro, Tokitada Ohkawa
1Chiba Serum Institute, Chiba, Japan. kaihatu@triton.ocn.ne.jp
Abstract:
The neurovirulence of two mumps virus strains was compared using marmosets. Marmosets were inoculated intravenously with the wild-type mumps virus Odate strain, resulting in evident meningitis in 1 of 3 marmosets at each of the weeks 3, 4, and 5 postinoculation, representing a total of 3 out of 9 marmosets. Nephritis, parotitis, pancreatitis, and tonsillitis were manifest in addition to central nervous system (CNS) sequelae. On the other hand, the Jeryl Lynn vaccine strain did not induce histopathological changes in the CNS and multiplication of the Jeryl Lynn strain was distinctly lower compared to that of the Odate strain in the marmoset. This is the first report to describe the induction of meningitis in non-human primates after peripheral inoculation of a wild-type mumps virus, presenting findings useful for the elucidation of the mechanism of infection and pathology of mumps virus in the CNS. The distinction observed between the Odate and Jeryl Lynn strains suggests the applicability of the marmoset model for the evaluation of any neurovirulence potential of vaccine strains.
Insights
Wild-type mumps virus caused meningitis in marmosets, unlike the Jeryl Lynn vaccine strain. This study highlights the marmoset model for assessing mumps virus neurovirulence potential.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Neuroscience
- Primate Models
Background:
- Mumps virus can cause central nervous system (CNS) complications, including meningitis.
- Understanding the neurovirulence of different mumps virus strains is crucial for public health and vaccine development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the neurovirulence of the wild-type mumps virus Odate strain and the Jeryl Lynn vaccine strain in a marmoset model.
- To investigate the potential of the marmoset model for evaluating mumps virus neurovirulence.
Main Methods:
- Intravenous inoculation of marmosets with the wild-type Odate strain or the Jeryl Lynn vaccine strain.
- Clinical observation and histopathological examination of marmosets for CNS and other organ involvement.
- Quantification of viral multiplication in marmosets.
Main Results:
- The wild-type Odate strain induced meningitis and other organ pathologies (nephritis, parotitis, pancreatitis, tonsillitis) in marmosets.
- The Jeryl Lynn vaccine strain did not induce CNS histopathological changes and showed lower viral multiplication compared to the Odate strain.
- This is the first report of meningitis induction in non-human primates via peripheral inoculation of wild-type mumps virus.
Conclusions:
- The Odate strain exhibits significant neurovirulence in marmosets, causing meningitis and systemic illness.
- The Jeryl Lynn strain demonstrates a markedly reduced neurovirulence profile in this model.
- The marmoset model is suitable for evaluating the neurovirulence potential of mumps virus strains, including vaccine candidates.