Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 19, 2026
Cellular Lipid Extraction for Targeted Stable Isotope Dilution Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis
Published on: November 17, 2011
Synthesis, structure, and reactivity of closo-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11-decahydroxy-1,12-bis(sulfonic
A Herzog1, C B Knobler, M F Hawthorne
1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569, USA.
Abstract:
The reaction of closo-1,12-bis(lithio)-1,12-dicarbadodecaborane(12) (1,12-bis(lithio)-p-carborane) with SO(2) formed closo-1,12-bis(lithiosulfinato)-p-carborane (10) in nearly quantitative yield. The latter was converted to closo-1,12-bis(sulfinic acid)-p-carborane (13) via H(+)-exchange. The corresponding 1,12-bis(sulfonic acid) derivative of p-carborane (12) was obtained in high yield by treating 10 with SO(2)Cl(2) and subsequent AlCl(3) mediated hydrolysis of the closo-1,12-bis(chlorosulfonyl)-p-carborane intermediate. The exhaustive oxidation of 12 in hot aqueous H(2)O(2) (30%) afforded B-decahydroxy-1,12-bis(sulfonic acid)-p-carborane (15) in 40% yield. As a byproduct, closo-B-decahydroxy-1-sulfonic acid-p-carborane (14) was formed. Both 14 and 15 were also obtained from the hydroxylation of 10 and 13. Compound 14 was obtained directly in 88% yield by heating 1-sulfinic acid-p-carborane (17) in H(2)O(2) (30%). Compound 17 was synthesized from diphenylmethylsilyl-protected p-carborane by using the method employed in the synthesis of 13. The X-ray structures of 15, its disodium salt, and its dipotassium salt are presented and discussed. Exhaustive methylation of 15 with methyl triflate furnishes closo-B-decamethoxy-1,12-bis(methyl sulfonate)-p-carborane (20). The characterization of closomer 20 also includes its crystal structure determination.
Related Concept Videos
02:55Exceptions to the Octet Rule
02:34Structural Isomerism
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
02:45E2 Reaction: Kinetics and Mechanism
02:05Degree of Unsaturation
The degree of unsaturation for hydrocarbons is U = (2C + 2 − H) / 2, where C is the number of carbon atoms and H is the number of hydrogen atoms.
For...
02:36Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols
00:56Extraction: Advanced Methods