Leukotoxins of gram-negative bacteria
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Updated: Oct 3, 2026

Visualization of Bacterial Toxin Induced Responses Using Live Cell Fluorescence Microscopy
Published on: October 1, 2012
Sanjeev Kumar Narayanan1, T G Nagaraja, M M Chengappa
1Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506-5606, USA.
Abstract:
Leukotoxins are a group of exotoxins that produce their primary toxic effects against leukocytes, especially polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs). Leukotoxins include a variety of chemicals ranging from 9,10-epoxy 12-octadecenoate, a fatty acid derivative secreted by leukocytes themselves, to proteins such as RTX (repeats in toxin). This review focuses on leukotoxins of three species of gram-negative bacteria, Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and Fusobacterium necrophorum.
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