Updating the Stetler Model of research utilization to facilitate evidence-based practice

The evidence-based practice movement raises questions about the continuing viability of research utilization models. This manuscript describes the updated, practitioner-oriented Stetler Model. First developed in 1976 with Marram, it was refined in 1994 with conceptual underpinnings and a set of assumptions. The model has been further refined on the basis of a related utilization-focused integrative review methodology, targeted evidence concepts, and continuing experience through use of the model with clinical nurse specialists. The revised model continues to focus on a series of judgmental activities about the appropriateness, desirability, feasibility, and manner of using research findings in an individual's or group's practice.