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Evaluation of a new Vi polysaccharide typhoid vaccine in children aged 2-5 years
L Cordero-Yap1, R G Rivera, A P Dispo
1Holy Child Clinic, 344 Abad Santos Street, San Fernando, Pampangan 2000, Philippines.
Insights
A new typhoid vaccine (TypheriX) was evaluated in Filipino children. It showed fewer side effects and high immunogenicity compared to a competitor vaccine, offering a reliable prevention method.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Vaccinology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Typhoid fever poses a significant global health burden, causing widespread morbidity and mortality.
- Increasing antibiotic resistance in Salmonella typhi and high sanitation improvement costs necessitate alternative control strategies.
- Vaccination programs are crucial for managing typhoid fever effectively.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate a new Vi polysaccharide typhoid vaccine candidate, TypheriX.
- To compare the safety and immunogenicity profile of TypheriX against a competitor vaccine (Typhim) in Filipino children.
- To assess the vaccine's potential as a reliable tool for typhoid fever prevention.
Main Methods:
- A comparative trial involving Filipino children aged 2-5 years.
- Evaluation of general symptoms, particularly fever, post-vaccination.
- Assessment of immunogenicity by measuring antibody levels (GMTs) 28 days post-vaccination.
Main Results:
- TypheriX vaccination resulted in significantly fewer general symptoms (2.9%) compared to the competitor vaccine (14.1%), with a lower incidence of fever.
- Both vaccines demonstrated high immunogenicity, with over 99% of participants achieving immunity.
- Comparable geometric mean titers (GMTs) were observed: 3597 EL.U/ml for TypheriX and 3365 EL.U/ml for Typhim.
Conclusions:
- The new Vi polysaccharide typhoid vaccine (TypheriX) is well-tolerated and highly immunogenic in young children.
- TypheriX offers a favorable safety profile compared to the competitor vaccine.
- Available Vi polysaccharide vaccines, including TypheriX, provide a reliable strategy for preventing typhoid fever and reducing its economic impact on health budgets.
Abstract:
Typhoid fever is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in many parts of the world. In view of the increasing resistance of Salmonella typhi against antibiotics and the high costs associated with improving sanitation conditions, vaccination programs would be of great benefit. We report on the evaluation of a new candidate VI (sic) polysaccharide typhoid vaccine (TypheriX (sic), SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals), tested in Filipino children aged 2-5 years where the profile was compared with that of a competitor-vaccine (Typhim (sic), Pasteur Merieux Connaught). Vaccination with the new candidate vaccine was followed by fewer general symptoms (2.9%) than with the competitor vaccine (14.1%), particularly with lower incidence of fever. The new candidate vaccine is also highly immunogenic: >99% of the vacinees were immune 28 days post vaccination with comparable GMTs of 3597 EL.U/ml for TypheriX (sic) and 3365 EL.U/ml for Typhim (sic). This trial shows that the available VI (sic) polysaccharide vaccines provide a reliable means in preventing a disease responsible for a significant morbidity and placing a heavy burden on health budgets.
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